2014年05月10日 - 蘋果
問:Disappear、vanish二字,用法有分別嗎?
答:這兩個字,都是說「消失」,但用法有點不同。Disappear較vanish通用,指「逐漸消失」或「突然消失」都可以;vanish則多指「突然消失得了無蹤影」,並常帶「神秘消失」含義。第五版《朗文當代高級英漢雙解詞典》例句,可以顯示兩字的分別:
(1)David watched her car until it disappeared from view(大衞目送她的汽車遠去,直到望之不見)。
(2)My keys were here a minute ago but now they've vanished(我的鑰匙剛才還在這裏,現在卻不翼而飛了)。
以下兩句,請看應用disappear還是vanish:
(1)Old customs sometimes____(古老習俗,有時會消失)。
(2)The magician waved his wand and the rabbit____(那魔術師一揮魔杖,兔子就不見了)。習俗通常會逐漸消失,所以第一句用disappear較好;兔子在魔杖一揮之下就失蹤,十分突然,所以第二句用vanished較佳。
問:Be careful what you say(說話要謹慎)這一句,要不要改為Be careful with what you say,一如Be careful with that knife(用那把刀要小心)?
答:Careful解作「當心」或「謹慎」,其後一般會用with或about帶出所當心或謹慎的事物,例如:He is always careful with/ about money(他用錢向來謹慎)。不過,careful之後假如用what、how等帶出子句(clause),那with或about往往畧去,例如:You must be careful(about)what you do(你做事要謹慎)。
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